Aircon Experiments

ant500sl

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There seems to be a fair amount of interest in aircon at the moment possibly due to our traditional three days of warm weather before the Summer downpour, therefore I thought I would share a few of my experiences.

Due to the amount of older cars I work on I thought I would invest in the necessary aircon servicing kit rather than trusting the work to the many specialists that have turned up over night.

My initial projects involve the conversion of my R129 500SL to RS24 gas,the recharging of my W126 560SEL after being previously converted to r134, and the repairing of my C36 after a complete loss of pressure.

My most interesting findings so far are:

1. Although the systems require around 1 kg of gas they will actually run and provide limited cooling with as little as 100 grammes!

2. Even with fairly major leaks ( a holed condenser in the C36) you can still get the system running and cooling for a short while. This probably explains Kwik Fits' offer where they will guarantee to get your system running cooler but will send you elsewhere if you go back a few days later.

3. Until the system is leak free and fully recharged a number of problems will not show up. The 500SL still worked with the original R12 after 19 years but was not very cold. Refilled with RS24 and the whole system froze, due to the expansion valve being blocked. Worked with a part charge but not with a full charge. Changed the valve and recharged, now fine.

4. When a car is advertised as "needs the ac recharging" it is generally never that simple. It may work for a day or a week or two but usually it will require some fairly intensive work.

5. The gases used are actually very cheap, a 13.6kg tank of r134 is around £60 which is around £4 per average charge.

6. To service AC properly is potentially very time consuming and may require multiple recharges. With todays labour prices work could run well into 4 figures! The chances of a £50.00 recharge working are fairly remote, especially on older cars.

7. The idea that you lose 10% of the gas per year and require a recharge every 2 years seems to be nonsense in my opinion. 2 to 5% is nearer the mark and the nature of the system means that it should'nt need to be touched for many years. Who gets their fridge and freezer serviced every year?

Please bear in mind that I am no expert but these findings are based on actual experience on the cars listed. Happy to go into detail on any points that may be of interest.
 

rapide

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air cold!

I quite agree Ant! i work in building services with air con and as the service guys say if it works ok from new dont break the seal, just to see if a "top up" will make it colder, most people dont know that its gas by weight not pressure when you re-gass and you have to evacuate the whole system first, your advice seems very good to me , best wishes, rapido!
 

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Most of your points are correct but most systems will not run with 100gms of gas as the system senses this and switches off to self protect. I'm not and expert on fridges but i think they work on a sealed system, ie all the components inc compressor are fully incased where as car systems are not. good post tho. :)
 
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ant500sl

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Most of your points are correct but most systems will not run with 100gms of gas as the system senses this and switches off to self protect.:)

This is one of the things that surprised me, the safety shutoff when the gas is low is pressure operated on the cars I am working on. When the pressure in the system drops below 30 psi the compressor will not activate. In order to get sufficient pressure to activate the ac on all of my cars only takes about 100 grammes. This I might add is on a warm day as the gas varies in pressure enormously based on ambient temperature. On a cold day the pressure with a low charge may be 25psi whereas a hot day could raise the pressure beyond 30psi and get the system going!
 

tricky100

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Hi , Is it easy to detect a leak ? Quickfit say they check for leaksand faults before gassing , if they find a leak they report it to you and theres no charge . Just wondered if faults still occured after they checked and gassed it .
 
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ant500sl

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Not sure of the procedures that Kwik Fit use but its actually illegal to put refrigerant into a system which has a known leak so I would guess they either give the system a once over with a detector wand and perhaps evacuate the system with a vacuum pump and see if it holds a vacuum.
The trouble with these techniques is that if the charge is low there may not be enough pressure for a leak to show up as the seals in the system will hold the low pressure.
When the system is evacuated (the whole system is emptied with a special pump which creates a complete vacuum in the system) it may well hold a vacuum which is another way of looking for leaks as air from outside the system would be sucked in if there was a leak. This may be taken as the sytem is leak free but when the compressor is pumping refrigerant out at 300psi then there is plenty of scope for other problems to appear.
The correct way is to evacuate the system and pressurise it with nitrogen but a lot of places that jumped on the bandwagon don't bother with this process as it takes more time and skill than just plugging in an automated machine.
My suggestion is that KwikFit are useful if you have a functioning system that might not be as cold as it once was but to seek a known specialist if you have other problems.
 

Bob.R

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Most of the above is true, but a couple of interesting points:
RS24 is 93% R134a, with other refrigerants (5.1% R125, 1.3% n.Butane,0.6% iso pentane ) to enable it to carry the oil around the system and back to the compressor.
As this is a mix of gasses which evaporate at different rates it must be charged as a liquid - If charged as a vapor the proportion of gasses left in the bottle and put into the system will be wrong.....
Although the compressor may run with as little as 100g of charge, little or no cooling effect will occur.
As far as I know the 'Gassit & Scapers' (you know who you are) just rely on the fact that a reasonable vaccuum can be achieved to pronounce the system OK - The 'proper' way to test is with Oxygen free nitrogen at 10 bar (150 psi) for at least 20 minutes and/or an electronic leak detector. A good specialist should have both these options.
If a system has less than 30/40 psi when first checked it will almost certainly have a leak and will only last days or at best weeks before being back in trouble ..
Bob. R - caraircon.co.uk.
 
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TLC42TD

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Would someone kindly advise on the location of the expansion valve on a UK spec W126 coupe (1986 SEC) ? I'm aware that this valve is located above the accelerator pedal on USA models, but am seeking confirmation of its location on RHD models before pulling the dashboard apart.

From what I've read, replacement of the expansion valve is a painful experience. Any comments?
 

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